威格士(shi)柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)是(shi)(shi)往復泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)，屬于體(ti)(ti)(ti)積泵(beng)(beng)(beng)，其(qi)(qi)柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)靠(kao)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)偏心轉動(dong)(dong)驅動(dong)(dong)，往復運動(dong)(dong)，其(qi)(qi)吸入和排(pai)(pai)(pai)出(chu)(chu)閥(fa)(fa)都是(shi)(shi)單(dan)向閥(fa)(fa)。當柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)外(wai)拉(la)時，工(gong)作(zuo)室內壓(ya)力(li)(li)降低(di)，出(chu)(chu)口(kou)閥(fa)(fa)關閉，低(di)于進口(kou)壓(ya)力(li)(li)時，進口(kou)閥(fa)(fa)打開，液體(ti)(ti)(ti)進入；柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)內推(tui)時，工(gong)作(zuo)室壓(ya)力(li)(li)升(sheng)高，進口(kou)閥(fa)(fa)關閉，高于出(chu)(chu)口(kou)壓(ya)力(li)(li)時，出(chu)(chu)口(kou)閥(fa)(fa)打開，液體(ti)(ti)(ti)排(pai)(pai)(pai)出(chu)(chu)。帶滑靴結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)向柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)是(shi)(shi)目前使用 泛的(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)向柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)，安放在缸體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)通(tong)(tong)過滑靴與(yu)斜(xie)盤(pan)(pan)相接觸，當傳動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)帶動(dong)(dong)缸體(ti)(ti)(ti)旋轉時，斜(xie)盤(pan)(pan)將(jiang)柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)從(cong)缸體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)拉(la)出(chu)(chu)或推(tui)回，完成吸排(pai)(pai)(pai)油過程。柱(zhu)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)與(yu)缸孔組成的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)容腔中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)油液通(tong)(tong)過配(pei)油盤(pan)(pan)分(fen)別與(yu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)吸、排(pai)(pai)(pai)油腔相通(tong)(tong)。變量機構(gou)用來改變斜(xie)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)傾角，通(tong)(tong)過調(diao)節斜(xie)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)傾角可(ke)改變泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)排(pai)(pai)(pai)量。

威格士柱塞泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)柱塞往復運動(dong)總行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)L是(shi)(shi)不(bu)變的，由(you)凸輪的升程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)決定。柱塞每循(xun)環的供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)量大小取決于供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)受凸輪軸控制是(shi)(shi)可(ke)變的。供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)開始時(shi)刻(ke)不(bu)隨供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的變化而(er)變化。轉動(dong)柱塞可(ke)改變供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)終(zhong)了時(shi)刻(ke)，從(cong)而(er)改變供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)量。柱塞泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)工作時(shi)，在噴油(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)凸輪軸上的凸輪與(yu)柱塞彈簧(huang)的作用下，迫使柱塞作上、下往復運動(dong)，從(cong)而(er)完(wan)成(cheng)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)任(ren)務，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)可(ke)分為以下三(san)個階(jie)段。

威格士柱塞泵(beng)靠氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)供(gong)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)箱，在每次(ci)啟動機器后(hou)，必須等液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)漬(zi)箱達到使用氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后(hou)，才能操(cao)作機械。直軸斜盤式柱塞泵(beng)分(fen)為壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力供(gong)油(you)(you)(you)型的(de)自(zi)吸油(you)(you)(you)型兩(liang)種。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力供(gong)油(you)(you)(you)型液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)大(da)都(dou)采用有(you)氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)箱，也有(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)本(ben)身帶有(you)補油(you)(you)(you)分(fen)泵(beng)向液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)口提供(gong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力油(you)(you)(you)的(de)。自(zi)吸油(you)(you)(you)型液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)的(de)自(zi)吸油(you)(you)(you)能力很(hen)強，無需(xu)外力供(gong)油(you)(you)(you)。對(dui)于(yu)自(zi)吸油(you)(you)(you)型柱塞泵(beng)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)箱內(nei)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)(ye)不得低于(yu)油(you)(you)(you)標下(xia)限，要(yao)保持足(zu)夠數量的(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)。液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)清潔度越高，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)的(de)使用壽(shou)命越長(chang)。

1)威格士(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)塞泵是液壓系統(tong)的(de)一個重要裝置。它依靠柱(zhu)(zhu)塞在缸體中往復運動，使密(mi)封工(gong)作容腔的(de)容積(ji)發生變(bian)化來實現吸(xi)油(you)(you)、壓油(you)(you)。柱(zhu)(zhu)塞泵具(ju)有(you)額定壓力高、結構緊湊、效(xiao)率(lv)高和流(liu)(liu)量調節(jie)方便(bian)等優點，被廣泛應用于高壓、大流(liu)(liu)量和流(liu)(liu)量需要調節(jie)的(de)場合(he)，諸(zhu)如(ru)液壓機、工(gong)程機械(xie)和船舶(bo)日。

2)威(wei)格(ge)士(shi)柱(zhu)塞和柱(zhu)塞套(tao)是一對(dui)精密偶件，經配(pei)對(dui)研磨后不(bu)能(neng)互換，要(yao)求有高的(de)精度和光潔度和好(hao)的(de)耐磨性，其(qi)徑向(xiang)間隙(xi)為0.0020003m3)威(wei)格(ge)士(shi)柱(zhu)塞頭(tou)(tou)部圓柱(zhu)面(mian)上切有斜(xie)槽(cao)，并通(tong)過徑向(xiang)孔、軸(zhou)向(xiang)孔與頂部相通(tong)，其(qi)目的(de)是改(gai)變循環供(gong)油量，柱(zhu)塞套(tao)上制有進、回油孔，均與泵上體內低壓油腔相通(tong)，柱(zhu)塞套(tao)裝入泵上體后，應用定位螺釘定位。威(wei)格(ge)士(shi)柱(zhu)塞頭(tou)(tou)部斜(xie)槽(cao)的(de)位置不(bu)同(tong)，改(gai)變供(gong)油量的(de)方法也(ye)不(bu)同(tong)。

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