ATOS比(bi)(bi)例(li)閥對(dui)流量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)可以分為兩(liang)種(zhong):一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)開關控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi):要(yao)么(me)全(quan)開、要(yao)么(me)全(quan)關，流量(liang)(liang)要(yao)么(me)最大、要(yao)么(me)最小(xiao)(xiao)，沒有中間狀態(tai)，如普通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁直(zhi)通(tong)(tong)閥、電(dian)(dian)磁換向(xiang)閥、電(dian)(dian)液換向(xiang)閥。另一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)連續控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi):閥口(kou)可以根據需要(yao)打開任意(yi)一(yi)(yi)個開度，由(you)此控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)通(tong)(tong)過流量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大小(xiao)(xiao)，這(zhe)類(lei)閥有手動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，如節流閥，也有電(dian)(dian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，如比(bi)(bi)例(li)閥、伺服閥。所以使用比(bi)(bi)例(li)閥或伺服閥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi):以電(dian)(dian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)方式實現對(dui)流量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)節流控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(當然經過結(jie)構上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改動(dong)也可實現壓力控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)等)，既然是(shi)節流控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，就(jiu)必然有能(neng)量(liang)(liang)損失，伺服閥和(he)其它閥不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)(liang)損失更大一(yi)(yi)些(xie)，因(yin)為它需要(yao)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流量(liang)(liang)來維持前置級控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)油(you)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作。

阿(a)托(tuo)斯(si)ATOS比(bi)例換(huan)向閥作先導級使用，以出口壓(ya)力(li)來控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)液(ye)動(dong)換(huan)向閥的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)反向開(kai)口量大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，從而(er)(er)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)液(ye)流的(de)(de)(de)方向和流量的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，先導級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)液(ye)比(bi)例減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)閥由(you)兩個比(bi)例電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)2和4及閥芯(xin)(xin)3等(deng)組成。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)2通人(ren)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)(hao)時(shi)(shi)，減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)閥閥芯(xin)(xin)3右(you)移，供油(you)壓(ya)力(li)聲經右(you)邊閥口減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)后，經孑L道口、b反饋(kui)至閥芯(xin)(xin)3的(de)(de)(de)右(you)端(duan)，與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)2的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)力(li)相平(ping)衡。阿(a)托(tuo)斯(si)ATOS比(bi)例換(huan)向閥因而(er)(er)減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)后的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)與供油(you)壓(ya)力(li)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)無關，而(er)(er)和輸入(ru)(ru)信號(hao)(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)成比(bi)例。折彎機減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)后的(de)(de)(de)油(you)液(ye)經孔道倪、C作用在換(huan)向閥閥芯(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)右(you)端(duan)，使閥芯(xin)(xin)5左(zuo)(zuo)移，打開(kai)P到B的(de)(de)(de)閥口，并壓(ya)縮左(zuo)(zuo)端(duan)彈(dan)簧。閥芯(xin)(xin)5的(de)(de)(de)移動(dong)量與控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)油(you)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)成正(zheng)比(bi)，阿(a)托(tuo)斯(si)ATOS比(bi)例換(huan)向閥即閥口的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)口大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與輸入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)成正(zheng)比(bi)。同(tong)理，當(dang)比(bi)例電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)4通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，壓(ya)力(li)油(you)由(you)P經A輸出。

同時電液比(bi)例閥的使(shi)用條件和(he)保養與一 般(ban)液壓元(yuan)件相同，比(bi)伺服(fu)閥的抗污染性能 強，工作可靠。

工作原理

指令信號(hao)經比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)(li)放(fang)大器進行(xing)功率放(fang)大，并(bing)按比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)(li)輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)給比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)(li)閥的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)(li)電(dian)磁鐵，比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)(li)電(dian)磁鐵輸(shu)出力(li)并(bing)按比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)(li)移動閥芯的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)，即(ji)可按比(bi)(bi)例(li)(li)(li)控(kong)(kong)制液流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)量和改變液流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)，從(cong)而實現對(dui)執(zhi)行(xing)機構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)或(huo)速(su)度控(kong)(kong)制。在某些對(dui)位(wei)置(zhi)或(huo)速(su)度精度要求較高的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)場合，還(huan)可通(tong)過(guo)對(dui)執(zhi)行(xing)機構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)移或(huo)速(su)度檢(jian)測，構(gou)成(cheng)閉環(huan)控(kong)(kong)制系(xi)統。

比(bi)(bi)例(li)閥(fa)由(you)直流比(bi)(bi)例(li)電磁(ci)鐵與液壓閥(fa)兩(liang)部(bu)分組成(cheng)，比(bi)(bi)例(li)閥(fa)實現連續控制的(de)核(he)心是(shi)采用了比(bi)(bi)例(li)電磁(ci)鐵，比(bi)(bi)例(li)電磁(ci)鐵種類繁多，但工作原理(li)基本相同(tong)，它們都是(shi)根據(ju)比(bi)(bi)例(li)閥(fa)的(de)控制需要開發(fa)出來的(de)。

分類

按比(bi)例閥(fa)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式分類是指按照比(bi)例閥(fa)的(de)先(xian)導(dao)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)中的(de)電氣一機(ji)械轉換方(fang)式來分類，其電控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)部分有比(bi)例電磁鐵、力矩馬達、直流伺服電動(dong)機(ji)等(deng)多種形式。

（1）電磁(ci)式(shi) 電磁(ci)式(shi)是指采(cai)用比例(li)電磁(ci)鐵作為電氣一機械(xie)轉換元件的(de)比例(li)閥，比例(li)電磁(ci)鐵將輸入的(de)電流信(xin)號轉換成力、位移機械(xie)信(xin)號輸出．進而控制壓力、流量及方(fang)向等參(can)數(shu)。

（2）電(dian)動式(shi) 電(dian)動式(shi)是指采用(yong)直流伺服電(dian)動機作為電(dian)氣一機械轉(zhuan)換元件(jian)的比例閥，直流伺服電(dian)動機將輸入的電(dian)信(xin)號．轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)旋轉(zhuan)運(yun)動轉(zhuan)速，再經絲桿螺母(mu)、齒(chi)輪齒(chi)條或齒(chi)輪凸輪等減速裝置和變換機構，輸出(chu)力與位移，進一步控制(zhi)液壓參數。

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